Method of making brushes.



W. MORRISON.

METHOD OF MAKING BRUSHES. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19. ISM.

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WILLIAM MORRISON, OE TROY, NEW YORK.

METHOD OF MAKING .BRFU'SIHIES.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, lViLLmM Morrison, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Troy, county of Rensselaer, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Methods of Making Brushes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

- This invention relates more particularly to a method of making an improved form of brush as :disclosed in the patent of John Morrison No. 843,5 l4, issued February 5, 1907. In accordance with this patent a brush is formed with a back having a plane surface, and a thick coating of plastic material carrying protruding tufts of bristles, the coating being mounted on the back of the brush by the use of adhesive substance which is rendered sticky when subjected to heat. A brush capable of'withstanding considerable usage is difiicult to produce in this posed in this form of brush it may be easily manner owing to the adhesive substance not being sufficiently durableto cause the plastic material to adhere properly to the back, and moreover as the plastic material is ex damaged when subjected towater as well as being susceptible of collecting dust and other foreign matter which cannot be read ily removed therefrom.

My invention is designed primarily to overcome these objections byv providing a brush consisting essentially of a back having a plane surface, and a plate of plastic material carrying protruding bristle-tufts. The plastic plate is fixed on the plane surface to the back by a binding layer of waterproof adhesive'substance in which is incorporated a quantity of coarse sawdust, of particles of c ork, or granules of other insoluble material to provide crevices so that the plastic plate will firmly adhere thereto whereby all tendency of the plate to separate from the back will be obviated. Another object of the invention is to provide on the exposed surface of the plastic plate acovering'of waterproof material in order to allow the brush to be readily cleaned when desired, as well as preventing water from contacting with the plastic plate of the bristle-tufts; and .a further object of the invention is to provide a brush of simple and ei'iicient form, and which may be made to sell at a very moderate price. i

The methodconsists in coating the flat faceof the -back of the brush with adhesive Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May *7, 1918.

Application filed October 19, 1914. Serial No. 86?,437.

material, securing granular material to the flat face of the brush back by the adhesive material to form a roughened surface for the said back and'allowing the material to harden, embedding bristles in a cementitious plate and applying the cementitious plate to the brush back while the plate and adhesive material are in a comparativcli soft state for securing the plate to the back.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is an inverted plan of the back of one form of brush 'e1nbodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a top pl n of tallic covering used in the brush, and

Fig. 3 is a section taken longitudinallythrough the brush when the parts thereof are assembled.

the perforated'me The brush back 10 may be made of any suitable material in any desired shape and size, and while I illustrate in the drawing the invention as being c form of a hair brush, it that the brush 'may l. adapted for various purposes. One face'of ll be understood the back-l0 has plane surface, as at ll,

thereby dispensing. with the recessing as is incident to many forms of brushes of this class, and which adds considerably to the expense of manufacture.

ied out in" the is fashioned in types On the plane surface 11 of the back 10 is applied a bindinglayer 12 of an adhesive substance, such as shellac which is commonly known as being practically impervious to water, though it is soluble in alcohol and a number of other solvents, well as being rendered sticky by the application of heat thereto. The adhesivebinding layer is first converted to a liquid state by a suit able solvent, or by heat, and the liquid is then applied by any suitable means to the plane surface 11. of the back. In practice it has been found that the binding layer when formed of an adhesive substance in this manner its exposed surface is too smooth, and in order to produce a rough exposed surface thereon in the layer while the protruding particles of insoluble granules 13 irregular crevices, as 14, are formed in the exposed surface of this layer.

On the rough surface of this binding or adhesive layer 12 of the back is a plate 15 of cement, or other plastic composition in which is embedded by the customary means a number of rows of bristle-tufts 16, and this composition may be made according to any of the formulas well known in this art, all of which are capable of hardening through the process of cementation. lhe composition plate 15 is fixed to the adhesive layer 12 by forcing the plate thereon under suitable pressure while the layer and the plate are in a con'iparatively soft state. The composition will then enter the crevices 14 between the protruding granules 13 of the layer, and'the plate 15 will be firmly held thereto against accidental displacement.

As the composition plate 15 is liable to be affected by Water when subjected thereto, as well as readily collecting when in use particlesiof dust and other foreign matter which is removed with great difficulty, on the exposed face of plate 15 is a covering 17 of thin sheet aluminum, or other metal, or celluloid, or other material which is ordinarily waterproof and dust proof so as to be readily cleaned, and this covering has a number of perforations 18 therethrough. The perforated covering 17 is slightly larger in diameter than the composition plate 15 so that the edge thereof will protrude beyond the edge of the plate, and this covering .is applied on the composition plate before the bristletufts are embedded therein, the covering 17, composi ion plate 15, and the bristle-tufts 16 being assembled by the usual means em ployed in the manufacture of brushes of this class. l Vhen the composition plate, the covmake such changes as fairly be forced into the adhesive layer 12 Whereby Water and other fluid as well as foreign substances will be prevented from contacting with either the composition plate, or the adhesive layer. In this manner a brush of unusual durability and one which may be easily cleaned may be cheaply made.

In the foregoing description, I have embodied the preferred form of my invention, but I do not Wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, as I am aware that modifications may be made therein Without departing from the principle, or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention, therefore I reserve to myself the right to fall Within the scope of the appended claim.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent The herein described method of making brushes having a back with one of its faces substantially fiat, consisting in coating the said flat face with adhesive material, securing granular material to the fiat face of the brush-back by the adhesive material to form a roughened surface for the said back and allowing the adhesive material to harden, embedding bristles in a cementitious plate and applying the cemeiititious plate to the roughened surface of the brush-back While the plate and adhesive material are in a comparatively soft state for securing the plate to the said back.

This s ecification si ned and witnessed,

this seventeenth day of October, A. D. 1914.

IVILLIAM MORRISON. Witnesses:

' Row. B. ABBOTT, M. DERMODY. 

